The submitter will not accept major changes, cares most about language/culture (13th-14th century Mamluk), desires a male name, wants his name to be changed to be authentic for "Bahri Mamluk 1293-1341 in service of al-Nasir Muhammad," and will accept a holding name. His current name was registered in February of 2001.

Khalid is found in Da'ud ibn Auda's Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm). Kalid is found in the section about isms (given names). The submitter asserts that, upon emancipation, mamluks commonly converted to Islam and took Islamic names.

al-Nasiri is a nisba (byname or cognomen) based on the name of the Mamluk Sultan. The submitter asserts that a common Mamluk naming practice was to, when an Islamic name was adopted, create a nisba to show the person's relationship to the lord the person served. Sultans using the byname al-Nasiri can be found in Robert Irwin's The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate 1250-1382. Arghun al-Nasiri served as Sultan on three occasions, the most recent between 1310 and 1341. Copies of the documentation were included.

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about language/culture (unspecified), desires a female name, wants name changed to be authentic for unspecified time period, and will accept a holding name.

Aleassandra can be found in Arval Benicouer's Feminine Given Names from the Online Castasto of Florence of 1427 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/catasto). This Web site cites three women with this name. de' is a preposition indicating membership in a family.

Medici can be found in David Herlihi, R. Litchfield and A. Molho's Florentine Renaissance Resources: Online Tratte of Office Holders 1282-1532. This Web site cites 1032 people with this surname in Florence. No copies of the documentation were included.

Azure, a heart voided and a triskele interlaced on a chief Or an open book between two lozenges Gules.

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about language/culture (unspecified), desires a female name, wants name changed to be authentic for 16th century Florence, Italy, and will accept a holding name.

Alessandra is found in Rhian Lyth of Blackmoor Vale's Italian Renaissance Women's Names (http://www.panix/~mittle/names/, under the Medieval Names Archive, Names in Specific Cultures: Italian Names). Alessandra is also found in Other Women's Voices: Translations of Women's Writing before 1700 (http://home.infionline.net/~ddisse/strozzi.html) This Web site translates several letters written by Alessandra Macinghi Strozzi (1407/8-1471).

de Montefeltro can be found in Margaret Aston's The Panorama of the Renaissance. This reference work cites Federigo da Montefeltro as duke in Italy who lived between 1422 and 1482. de Montefeltro is also found in the Catholic Encyclopedia (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10528a.htm). This source provides evidence of a diocese called Montefeltro. The first known bishop was in 826. The earliest citation was for Mona Feretri; no dates were provided for the diocese name change to Montefeltro. Copies were provided for all documentation.

This is a heart voided interlaced with triquetra, not a triskele.

(Note -- URL typo corrected by Blue Anchor, 12/16/04)

The submitter will accept any changes, doesn't care about meaning/sound/language/culture, desires a male name, wants name changed to be authentic for 12th to 16th century French/English, and will accept a holding name.

Arthus is found in Albert Dauzat, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Famille et des Prénoms de France. (page 13.)

Winterton is found in P.H. Reaney and R. M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames (page 496). Reaney and Wilson date this name to 1066.

Argent, an owl and an orle gules.

Crínóc is found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's Index of Names in Irish Annals: Descriptive Bynames Found in Feminine Names. The name is dated to 1051-1100.

Dhonn is found in the Oxford Pocket Irish Dictionary, s.n. donn. The dictionary defines donn as meaning brown. Evidence of using hair color epithets can also be found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's Index of Names in Irish Annals: Descriptive Bynames Found in Feminine Names. Copies of all documentation were included.

(Fieldless) Three owls conjoined gules maintaining a needle fesswise argent.

Her name appears above.

(Note from Blue Anchor: Some characters in this byname didn't make it over the Net in one piece, apparently. I'll fix this as soon as I find out what they are supposed to be.)

Vert, a chief embattled, per pale sable and argent, two suns in splendor counterchanged, a boar rampant argent

Dalibor is, according to the submitter, "a common medieval Czech name." The submitter asserts that a tower in Prague Castle (built in 1496) is called "Daliborka" after the first prisoner held there. Dalibor is also listed as a variant of Dalebor in Paul Wickenden's Dictionary of Period Russian Names (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/paul/d.html), dated to 1177.

K_ivokl_tsky is named for a castle located in the Berounka valley, located 40 kilometers west of Prague (http://www.allpraha.com/?page=resourcedetail&category=100072&resource=21272&resourcename=Krivoklat%20Castle and http://www.cs-center.org/krivoklat). The castle construction occurred from the 12th through 16th centuries. No copies of the documentation were included.

(Fieldless) A boar rampant to sinister Or

The submitter's name was registered in June of 1994.

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about meaning (Old English for Eagle Rock), and does not want the name changed to be authentic.

Earn is found in A.H. Smith's English Place Name Elements (s.n. unknown). Rokke is found in A.H. Smith's English Place Name Elements (s.n. unknown). No copies of the documentation were provided; however, copies of a personal correspondence with Black Lion providing the A.H. Smith information was.

Per chevron azure and gules, three anvils argent

The submitter will accept any changes, does not care about meaning/sound/language/culture, doesn't care about the name's gender, and will accept a holding name.

Edward is found in E.G. Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of Christian Names. (s.n. Edward). Withycombe dates Edwardus to 1187 and the name of six English kings in period.

The Smith is found in P.H. Reaney and R. M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames (s.n. Smith). Reaney and Wilson dates Aelfword the Smith to 1100 and William le Smyth to 1275.

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about meaning (Old English for the wood haunted by a ghost), and wants name changed to be authentic for 10th to 12th century England (specifically Yorkshire Dales. Arthur Mee in The Kings England - Yorkshire West Riding cites a location called Grimsworth valley. A locative, of Grimwith, occurs between 1630 and 1680. Other locatives, Grimwith Fell and Grimwith Beck, are also found. A Grimwith reservoir was constructed in Victorian times, possibly on the location of a town of the name of Grimwith.

Quarterly gules and azure in pale two crossed unicorn horns and an open book or

The submitter's name was registered in August of 1998.

Or a dragon couchant sable and on a chief embattled azure two dogs passant respectant argent

The submitter will not accept any changes, does not care about meaning/sound/language/culture, desires a female name, wants name changed to be authentic for time and language/culture (unspecified), and will accept a holding name.

The submitter provided documentation from the Academy of St. Gabriel, report 2812. The Academy documents Kateryne from Talan Gwynek's "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/reaney). This form of the name dates to the 16th century.

The Academy also documents O'Neile as an Anglo-Irish name to the 16th century in Heather Rose Jones' Fourteenth to Sixteenth Century Irish Names and Naming Practices (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/lateirish) and C. L'Estrange Ewen A History of Surnames of the British Isles. The Academy indicated that this form of the name would have plausibly been used by a 16th century worman.

The submitter will accept only minor changes, cares most about sound, and does not want name changed to be authentic. The branch name was registered in September of 1986.

"Order of the Lion's X" should be grandfathered to the Barony, as the Order of the Lion's Claw was registered to them in April of 1981.

The Barony provides evidence of the word "fang" being used with a lion in Shakespeare's King Henry IV, part II, Act IV, Scene I - Hastings: "So that his power, like to a fangless lion, May offer, but not hold." Copies of the documentation were included.

The submitter will accept only minor changes, cares most about sound, and does not want name changed to be authentic. The branch name was registered in September of 1986.

"Order of the Lion's X" should be grandfathered to the Barony, as the Order of the Lion's Claw was registered to them in April of 1981.

The Barony provides evidence of the word "mark" being used during period in Shakespeare's King Richard III, Act I, Scene III - Queen Margaret: "Sin, death, and hell have set their marks on him, And all their ministers attend on him." Copies of the documentation were included.

Azure a fret argent in base a daisy proper.

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about sound, wants name changed to be authentic for 13th century, and will accept a holding name.

Missa can be found in P.H. Reaney and R. M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames (s.n. Binne, page 44).

Hendrich can be found P.H. Reaney and R. M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames (page 226).

The daisy is petaled argent and seeded Or.

Bendy sinister argent and sable, a baluster jug within a border gules

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about sound, desires a female name, does not want name changed to be authentic, and will accept a holding name.

Morgina is found in Nicolaa de Bracton's A Statistical Survey of Given Names in Essex Co., England, 1182-1272 (http://members.tripod.com/nicolaa5/articles/women.html)

atte Wodelonde is found in A.D. Mills, A Dictionary of English Place-Names (s.n. Woodland(s)). Mills dates Wodelande to 1244 and 1328. In addition, P.H. Reaney and R. M. Wilson in A Dictionary of English Surnames (s.n Woodland) dates Thomas atte Wodelond to 1327. The submitter provided evidence of this style of jug from Jaqueline Pearce and Alan Vince, A Dated Type-Series of London Medieval Pottery: Part 4: Surrey Whitewares, page 53.

Gules, a pile indented Or between two dogs rampant argent

The submitter will not accept any changes, does not care about meaning/sound/language/culture, desires a male name, does not want name changed to be authentic, and will accept a holding name.

Quentin can be found in E.G. Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of Christian Names. (s.n. Quentin). Withycombe states that the name was found in the 11th to 13th century and used in Scotland until the 17th century.

Martel can be found in P.H. Reaney and R. M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames (s.n. Martel). Reaney and Wilson dates Matellus to 1163-66 and 1187, and Martel to 1086 and 1148. Charles Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames dates Mertel and Martel to 1273, and Martell and Martyll to 1379.

Per chevron sable and argent two drums and a raven close counterchanged

The submitter will accept only minor changes, cares most about language/culture (unspecified), desires a male name, wants name changed to be authentic for unspecified time and culture, and will accept a holding name.

Raven is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #1751. The Academy explains that the element Raven was derived from the Germanic Hraban-, as shown in the name Ravengerus. By 1007, the Academy finds evidence of Ravanus as a Latin form of the name Ravan and postulates that Raven was a plausible alternate spelling. The Academy also suggests that Raven can be derived from the Old Norse Hrafn as Rauen.

Uilliam is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #1581. The Academy is able to document the spelling Uilliam to the 14th or 15th century in Scotland using William Skene's Genealogies of the Highland Clans, Extracted from Ancient Gaelic Manuscripts" 1. Gaelic MS. Written circa A.D. 1450 with a Translation. However, the earliest date the Academy believes any spelling of Uilliam or William would have been used in England was the late 11th century and, in Scotland, the 12th century.

Fearchar is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #2332. The Academy documents Fearchar as a late period spelling of the name Ferchar, found in Donnchadh Ó Corráin and Mavis Courane's The Annals of Ulster (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100001) and Donnchadh Ó Corráin's Annals of Tigernach (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100002). Ferchar was used in Ireland through the 12th century. Copies of this documentation were provided.

The submitter will accept only minor changes, cares most about language/culture (Norman), desires a female name, does not want name changed to be authentic, and will accept a holding name.

Sibylla can be found in William George Searle, Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum (page 416).

Bade is found in Eilert Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names (s.n. Bath, page 29). Ekwall dates the name to a Domesday book. de is found at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/Rutland/locatives.htm.

The submitter will accept only minor changes, cares most about language/culture (unspecified), desires a male name, wants name changed to be authentic for unspecified time and culture, and will accept a holding name. His current name was registered in November of 1991.

Uilliam is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #1581. The Academy is able to document the spelling Uilliam to the 14th or 15th century in Scotland using William Skene's Genealogies of the Highland Clans, Extracted from Ancient Gaelic Manuscripts" 1. Gaelic MS. Written circa A.D. 1450 with a Translation. However, the earliest date the Academy believes any spelling of Uilliam or William would have been used in England was the late 11th century and, in Scotland, the 12th century.

Fearchar is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #2332. The Academy documents Fearchar as a late period spelling of the name Ferchar, found in Donnchadh Ó Corráin and Mavis Courane's The Annals of Ulster (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100001) and Donnchadh Ó Corráin's Annals of Tigernach (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100002). Ferchar was used in Ireland through the 12th century.

Gille is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #1068. The Academy documents Gille as a name element meaning "servant of." The Academy cites Gille Moire (servant of Mary) from Donnchadh Ó Corrain & Fidelma Maguire, Irish Names and Effric neyn Kenyeoch vc Ralte A Simple Guide to Constructing 12th Century Scottish Bynames. (http://www.stanford.edu/~skrossa/medievalscotland/simple_sc_gaelic_names_12.html).

Aindrias is documented from an Academy of St. Gabriel letter #1351. The Academy derives the spelling Aindrias from the 12th century bishop Andreas clericus Moraviensis' Latin name. Other early forms of the name, Aindrea and Anndra, were found by the Academy in George F. Black, The Surnames of Scotland. (s.n. MacMichael, Michalbegson, Andrew) and Effric neyn Kenyeoch vc Ralte A Simple Guide to Constructing 12th Century Scottish Bynames. Copies of this documentation were provided.

The submitter will accept any changes, cares most about meaning (William, son of Alan, grandson of James), desires a male name, and wants name changed to be authentic for Scottish Gaelic. His current name was registered in March of 1987.

Uiliiam can be found in Donnchadh Ó Corrain & Fidelma Maguire, Irish Names (s.n. Uilliam, page 175). Ó Corrain and Maguire state that the Normans brought the name to England during the Conquest from which it spread to Ireland.

Séamus can be found in Donnchadh Ó Corrain & Fidelma Maguire, Irish Names (s.n. Séamus, page 163). Ó Corrain and Maguire states that this is a common name among Anglo-Norman settlers and was adopted by the Irish.

Aillén can be found in Donald Whyte Scottish Forenames (s.n. Allen, page 25). Whyte states that Allen is the name of a Welsh and Breton saint. The name was brought to England with Alan, Earl of Brittany, who was given lands by William the Conquerer. Copies of this documentation were not provided.

(Fieldless) An anchor argent enfiling a coronet bendwise sinister Or pearled gules.

The An Tir Order of Precedence shows that William was made a Court Baron on January 13, 2001.

The submitter's previous badge, (Fieldless) An anchor fouled of its cable argent enfiling a coronet bendwise sinister Or pearled argent, was returned in July 2003 at Laurel for identifiability and non-period style. The previous submission contained too much overlap between the coronet and the anchor and its cable. In addition, the position of the coronet was neither bendwise sinister nor palewise. Finally, the argent pearls on the coronet had no contrast with the argent anchor. This resubmission addresses these problems.