An Tir Herald's Page and Internal Letter of Intent, November 2002

Clearing Conflict: Part I
by Maister Iago ab Adam, Pursuivant at Large

When someone settles on a device that truly appeals to them, it is always a disappointment to find that it has conflicts. Most heralds have their own personal favorite ways of changing a device to get the required difference. This article will look at some of these methods of getting an extra CD and the pros and cons of such changes. Different methods work best depending on which parts of the device are the most important to the client.

For each method I have included an example showing the type of change being considered- these are not real examples, I have not checked to see if they actually have conflicts or not.

Certain statements below, especially regarding overuse and underuse of various motifs in Society heraldry, though based on observation of much period and Society heraldry, are strictly my opinions and may not necessarily be shared by all.

Adding Peripheral Ordinaries
e.g. "Argent, three lions rampant azure" becomes "Argent, three lions rampant and an orle azure."

PRO:

Common method of differencing in period (especially the bordure and chief).
In most cases there is very little visual impact on the original design - nothing is stretched, squished, or forced to move.

CON:

Increases the complexity count of the device.
"Slap a bordure on it" is perhaps the most common reaction of people faced with conflict. This results in:

Addition of a peripheral ordinary is overused to the point of being cliché.
Addition of a peripheral ordinary causes nearly as many conflicts as it clears.

Changing to Complex Lines
e.g. "Or, a cross between four mullets sable" becomes "Or, a cross engrailed between four mullets sable", or "Quarterly Or and gules, four escutcheons counterchanged" becomes "Quarterly per fess indented Or and gules, four escutcheons counterchanged."

PRO:

In most cases there is very little visual impact on the original design - nothing is stretched, squished, or forced to move.
Ordinaries with certain complex lines (especially engrailed, indented, and embattled) are commonly found in period heraldry.

CON:

Although this change won't increase the complexity count, it will increase the visual complexity.
It makes the device more difficult to draw, paint, sew, etc.

Tincture Reversal
e.g. "Azure, six unicorns rampant argent" becomes "Argent, six unicorns rampant azure".
For devices which use only one color and one metal, switching the two can sometimes clear conflict.

PRO:

Gets 2 CDs instead of just 1.
Causes no increase in complexity.
Keeps all of the original elements of the design.
In some situations, where the charge is most often found in a certain tincture, this method creates a design which is much more likely to be free of conflict (using the example above, azure unicorns are much rarer in SCA heraldry than argent unicorns).

CON:

Changes what can be an important factor to the client.

Counterchanging
e.g. "Or, three crescents vert" becomes "Per pale Or and vert, three crescents counterchanged" or "Per fess Or and vert, three crescents counterchanged."
This is similar to reversing tinctures, but only for about half the device.

PRO:

Keeps all of the original elements of the design.
Gets 2 CDs instead of just 1.
Keeps at least some of the charges their original tincture.
Although not often used as a period method of differencing, can create very period designs.

CON:

Increases visual complexity.
Can make it harder to draw, paint, sew, etc.

Changing Tinctures
e.g. "Sable, a bear rampant Or" becomes "Sable, a bear rampant ermine" or "Sable, a bear rampant barry Or and gules"
This could be the tincture of the field, one charge group, or all the charges.

PRO:

Causes no increase in complexity if everything in the original tincture is changed to the new tincture.
Changing to a fur gives a good chance of not creating new conflicts, and furs are underused in Society heraldry.
Changing to multiply divided charges also gives a good chance of not creating new conflicts, and barry beasts (like the bear above) are also underused in Society heraldry.
In some situations, where the the charge is most often found in a certain tincture, this method creates a design which is much more likely to be free of conflict (similar to the unicorn example above).
A very period method of differencing.

CON:

Can cause increase in complexity if only some charges are changed.
Changes what can be an important factor to the client.
Some people, for some reason, don't like drawing ermine spots. (?!?!)

continued next month...

        Appendix H of the Administrative Handbook is one of the best, and worst, things to have ever happened to the College. It is extremely useful to have a listing of resources that do not need to be photocopied for use as documentation. Unfortunately, this listing is also one of the most misunderstood and misused heraldic tools.
    The myth? "Everything found in books on the Appendix H list are fine and all you have to do is say you found something there to get it registered." Wrong.
        Appendix H is a listing of sources which are so standard that Laurel has access to all of them and in order to save postage costs and file storage space allow cites only from them to suffice as documentation. But these sources are still mostly mundane compilations and as such are not guaranteed in any way to have every single entry acceptable for SCA documentation. Withycome is full of post-period names, and in many cases the text is very clear that the name is post-period. As an example, the entry for the feminization of George (which is a perfectly period name) starts out with:
    Georgi(a)na (f.): these f. derivatives of George (q.v.) date from the 18th C, when George first became common in England.
Well, now, that doesn't look like good documentation at all, does it? Surely there's nothing of the sort in Reaney & Wilson, is there?
    Vince: Antony Vince 1674 HTSf. A short form of Vincent.
That's it, the entire entry. 24 years past the gray area and no help at all for a period name. These entries are rare than the useful ones, but they do exist. One of the most misused Appendix H book is Welsh Personal Names by Heini Gruffudd. The scope of this work is little more than a baby names book. Its redeeming feature is that Gruffudd did some research into historic personages and where he did there are dated entries. There are also lots of modern names, names taken for geographic features, and names of deities, none of which are registerable without actual documentation as a plausible period personal name.
        Any source is exactly and only as good as its credibility. Credibility, to the CoA, means dated references. Documentation from Appendix H books must be undertaken with the same care used with any other reference. They are not references that are wholly acceptable they are books that Laurel has access to and doesn't need copies from, no more and no less. Treat them as you would any source, including the ones the client describes that you've never heard of before and that doesn't look all that reliable.
        Find the dates, or the phrases such as, "It was occasionally used in the Middle Ages..." (Withycombe s.n. Florian) or "This was a relatively common name in medieval Ireland..." (Ó Corráin and Maguire s.n. Sorcha). Sometimes you can reference across entries for dates; Gruffudd says of Llawen, "Saint, pupil of Cadfan." So we check the entry for Cadfan and it says. "Saint of 6th century who established monastery at Ynys Enlli (Bardsley Island)." Voila! Llawen can be dated to the 6th century. We write out both cites and we have documentation.
        If you remember to always treat Appendix H books just as you would any other source, you won't go wrong. But they are not a panacea for documentation woes. Spread the word.

RECOMMENDED RESOURCES

Most everyone knows about Appendix H of the Administrative Handbook - Books That Do Not Require Photocopies to Laurel, but few seem aware of Appendix G - Names Sources to Be Avoided in Documentation. If anything, this is more useful than Appendix H. The entries include the Laurel statements about them which got them placed on this list in the first place. The first part of the Appendix says it best:

The books in this (non-comprehensive) list "should be regarded with deep suspicion, and avoided wherever possible" (Cover Letter, 8 June 85, p.4) for the purposes of documenting names in the SCA. This is not to say that these books are "bad" books for the purposes for which they were written; only that they are not good sources for the purpose of documenting names for registration in the SCA.

It is highly recommended that you become familiar with Appendix G, make yourself a copy, and apply it liberally. You can save yourself and your clients a great deal of frustration by doing so.
The Administrative Handbook is available from Free Trumpet Press West for $6 US. It is also online at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/regs.html

Names That Cross-Dress
By Muirgheal inghean Labhrain (Morel)

Christmas: What else would a 13th century mother call a baby born on Christmas day? Both boys and girls bore this given name in late period.

Douglas: Though modernly a male moniker, it is another name that was given to boys and girls alike, most commonly in the 1600s.

Esme’: Esme is a rarely heard woman’s name, and in the late 1500s, it was a rarely heard man’s name.

Jocelyn, Joscelin: Once a common man’s name, throughout much of the Middle Ages in fact, Jocelyn is now used as a girl’s name.

Joyce: Only girls are called Joyce today, but it is another of those names that were shared by both boys and girls throughout the Middle Ages.

Documentation garnered from The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, Withycombe 1st. Edition.

Standard Salutes in Closing Court

Thus ends the court of ________ (and) ________" [the titles and names of the nobility presiding]

"For Their Majesties, long live _________ and _________ [first names of the King and Queen]"

[and if there is a Crown Prince and Princess at that time,]

"For Their Royal Highnesses, long live ________ and ________ [first names of the Crown Prince and Princess]"

[and if the court is being held within a Principality,]

"For Their Highnesses of _________ [the name of the Principality], long live and _______ [first names of the Prince and Princess]"

[and if the court is not presided over by one of the above already mentioned]

"For ____________ [the title of the presiding nobility, "Their Graces" or "Their Excellencies"], long live ______ and _______ [first names of the presiding nobility]"

"You have [title of presiding nobility, i.e. Their Majesties', Their Excellencies', etc.] leave to depart."

Obviously, if you don't know all the names you need for the closing of court, be sure to research them beforehand.

From "Tips for Court Heraldry" - http://www.antirheralds.org/Resources_for_Heralds/Court/Tips_for_Voice_Heralds/Court_Heraldry/court_heraldry.html

The December Lions Blood meeting will be held on Sunday, December 22nd, at the home of Meadhbha and Ercc in Mountain Edge: 1308 E. 9th St, Newberg, OR. (503) 537-1183 meadhbhabran@yahoo.com

Directions from I-5: Take the Aurora/Champoeg Park exit (south of Woodburn, north of Salem). Turn west onto McKay Rd. It will dead-end at hwy. 219. Turn right. You'll cross the Willamette River. Not far past the top of the rise, turn left onto Wynooski. Just past the paper mill, turn left onto 11th. Just past the park, turn right onto Willamette St. Go 2 blocks and turn right onto 9th. Our house will be half a block down.

From 99W: Come into Newberg. Turn south onto River St. Go through two stop signs. Turn left on 9th St. Go 2.5 blocks. Our house is on the right, yellow with a rock garden just inside the fence. We will make an attempt at heraldic display.

The January Lions Blood Meeting will be held on Sunday, January 19th, 1pm, at the home of Marya Stepanova Kargashina, 6304 se 90th Ave., Portland.

I'm in a wordy mood this month and have to address some pressing submissions issues. Please don't be intimidated by the length of my writings, there is some vital information in this month's Heralds' Page that must be given out and passed around. Do please share your copy of the Heralds' Page with anyone you think might benefit from it, and pass around the URL of the online archive. Information is power.

Staples are EVIL Submission forms are split up and sent to two different Sovereigns of Arms. Devices are scanned in both color and line drawings. Staples rust in time and are known to snag and tear other paperwork in the files or envelopes. Staples are pulled as soon as Lions Blood creates a file for a submission. Not stapling at all will save everyone time and effort. Paperclips are fine, but there is not problem at all with not affixing forms and documentation together at all. Simply sort them into order: Name form and documentation, Name form and documentation, Name form and documentation, color Device form and line Device form, color Device form and line Device form, color Badge form and line Badge form, color Badge form and line Badge form, color Badge form and line Badge form. Only occasionally does one of my helpful cats scatter forms, and that's hardly a problem at all. Staples in the carpet, on the other hand...

Documentation -- NOT!

Every month I receive name submissions which consist of nothing but copies of the submission form. At the bottom of the form will be written something like, "Brenda is documented from Withycombe p. 53.", or "Seraphina is documented as a saint's name from http://www.behindthename.com/cgi-bin/search.cgi?terms=seraphina", or even, "The name Panelo Dente is documented from Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names at the Academy of Saint Gabrlie Library, http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/". No, they are not. They are not documented at all. Why not? Because there's no proof that these names have anything to do with medieval practice. Let's analyze why they don't.

The first listing is from Withycombe, an Appendix H book. It should be fine, I hear some of you saying. It isn't. First off, in order to properly utilize an Appendix H book as documentation, you must cite from it. "Brenda is documented from Withycombe p. 53." is not a cite, it is an unsupported statement. All it proves is that the name Brenda is found in Withycombe. Lots of names are found in Withycombe, and a good half of them are not documentably period. What's a cite? From the online Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913 edition: cite: 3. To quote; to repeat, as a passage from a book, or the words of another. 4. To refer to or specify, as for support, proof, illustration, or confirmation. The given statement is neither a quote nor proof. Not a cite.

In fact, should you pick up a Withycombe and look up the entry on Brenda you'll find out what's wrong. (By the way, I hate this particular entry.) "this is a Shetland name, possibly a f. form of the common Norse Brand which is still current in Iceland and was in use in England until the 12thC. The present wide diffusion of the name Brenda is probably due to Scott's use of it for one of the two heroines of his novel The Pirate (1821). In Ireland, it is nowadays regarded as a f. form of Brendan." I hate this entry because it gives little information about Brenda and speculates in a possibly misleading manner. Brand is definitely an old name, documented as being used in England in the 11th and 12th centuries. In the spelling Brandr it is documented as Old Norse. But its relationship to the name in question, Brenda, is not only highly speculative, there is no proof. The way this entry is phrased could cause the reader to believe that Brenda was used in the 12th century in England. It was not. In fact, there seems to have been no record of the name Brenda before the early 19th century. Sir Walter Scott's book is the first reference I have ever found of my mundane first name; it is most definitely no period. The statement that it is found in Withycombe is utterly useless as documentation and the fictitious submission bearing it is undocumented.

On to the second statement that is not documentation: "Seraphina is documented as a saint's name from http://www.behindthename.com/cgi-bin/search.cgi?terms=seraphina". You'll note that above I said, "consist of nothing but copies of the submissions form." No copies of the source. No idea whether this page is for role-players developing character names, a baby-names source, or even a well-researched and useful document. The URL is a direct link to the name entry, so it doesn't even indicate if there is introductory material. Again, no copies, not documentation. Check into the site and you'll discover why it is not a good source. The listing of Names References includes 12 titles, 7 of which are on Appendix G. The General References includes books of myth and deities, which are not good sources for the names of normal humans. The Websites referenced are a mishmash of quality, and several individuals are listed as having contributed their personal name lists with no references for any of them. Finally, if you get pop-ups you might be as annoyed as I am by the animated banner encouraging you to look up your "family crest". Practically every red flag a herald can heed exists on this site, which is why checking the sources, even if printouts are provided, is a good idea.

Next, why isn't the Saint Gabriel article acceptable documentation? What article? A URL was supplied, but no article. There are no web sites on Appendix H, however Laurel will accept cites only from names resources which start with www.sca.org/heraldry. The Academy of Saint Gabriel is a fine resource, but it is not on the Laurel webpage and therefore copies of the articles must be included with a submission, including any letters written by the Academy to be used as documentation. A perusal of the Academy Library finds that a couple of articles have been removed and several others have been revised very recently. The Academy is not a static entity and it reworks articles as it and the authors learn more. Therefore, an article must be printed out and included with a submission as proof that it says what it is purported to say. Long names lists may be concatenated so you don't have to print out a book, but the main article, the first part that shows up when you click on the title from the index, needs to be printed out and included.

And finally, a refresher on the use of no-photocopies sources. The basic rule is 'no dates, not documentation'. When citing from most of the Appendix H books you should include a minimum of three things.

The title and author of the work, and edition number if you can discover it (Withycombe, for example, is out there in three different editions).
The headword under which the name is found. Page numbers help, but even different publications of the same edition of a book can change the pages. Headers nearly always remain the same.
The dates given for the name, or a statement showing period usage. Withycombe and Ó Corráin and Maguire in particular are full of useful statements such as, "Introduced into England by the Normans," and "it was the commonest of all names in early Ireland". When citing dates or supporting information, quote directly, use quotation marks, and include as much information as needed to document the name.

I'll document the names Drew Hound and Nefydd Hudol using Appendix H sources.
"Drew is found in Withycombe, E.G., The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, 3rd ed., pg. 89, under Drogo. Drew is dated 1455. Hound is found in Reaney, P.H. & R.M. Wilson , A Dictionary of English Surnames, 3rd ed., p240, under the header Hound. Alice le Hound is dated 1327."
Nefydd is found as a masculine or feminine name in Heini Gruffudd's Welsh Personal Names as the header spelling which entry says, "Daughter of Brychan, 5th century." Hudol is in Complete Anachronist #66, A Welsh Miscellany by Heather Rose Jones. It is said to mean 'enchanting'."

There are some exceptions to the "date everything" rule. Sources that are clearly comprised entirely of period names, such as Geirr Bassi Haraldsson's The Old Norse Name and the www.sca.org/heraldry/ articles (especially with names like German Given Names 1200-1250 by Talan Gwynek) are pretty obviously going to have names dated to period. Take care with A Dictionary of Period Russian Names, as it has some names that are past the 1650 so-called 'gray area'. Some of the sources are scant on any dates at all, most notably the books by Dauzat and MacLysaght and Fucilla. If at all possible, supplement documentation from these undated books with other, dated sources. However they're still useable sources, simply be aware and warn your clients that the spellings are probably modern and not period. If you need help analyzing the usefulness of any Appendix H book, do not hesitate to call on Æstel Herald, Black Stag Herald, Lions Blood Herald, Senhora Rafaella d'Allemtejo, Maister Iago ap Adam, Countess Elisabeth de Rossignol, Senora Juliana de Luna, or any other herald with onomastic experience for assistance with the analysis of the source.

Remember that lack of documentation can be grounds for return. Lions Blood cannot print out 30+ pages every month in order to cover for sloppy submissions and will have to start returning names if things don't abate. I really do not want to do that, please help me avoid the necessity.

The following people were present at the August Lions Blood meeting or sent commentary: Francesca Dragon's Mist, Ciaran Goutte de Sang, Marya Stepanova Kargashina, Jay, Meadhbha inghean Bhriain Mhuilleóir, Ercc Mountain Edge, Gwenlian Catharne, Eglentyne Æstel, Teceangl Lions Blood, Christopher Red Tree, Frederic Queue Forcheé, Ciar ingen uí Fothaidh, Antoinette von Ratisbon, Brighid Cold Keep, Iago ab Adam, David Electrum, Anthony Hawke, Guillermo Seagirt, Li Ban Northern, Tadgg h-úa Faelan of Clan MacNessa, Juliana Siren, Fionnghuala Friseil, Ærne Clover, and Cnut.

1. Aleyne Edwinson	(Porte de l'Eau)	Name, New
The submitter will accept minor changes, and cares most about the sound of the name. The submitter desires a masculine name, and will allow the creation of a holding name. Aleyne is cited from Withycombe, E.G., The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, pg 7-8, under the header spelling Alan, which says, "From the 14th to 16th C it was usually Aleyn(e)." Aleyne is dated 15th c. Edwin is cited from Reaney, P.H. & R.M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, pg 152. Edwin' Wridel is dated 1066, William Edwin' is dated 1221. On the same page under Edwardson we find that patronymic dated 1518 and glossed as 'son of Edward'. Additionally, under Edmond is found Edmondson dated 1379 and glossed as 'son of Edmond'. Therefore the patronymic form should be a plausible construction, still the submitter requests help documenting Edwinson.

2. Ambra da Monte	(Dragon's Mist)	Name and Device, New
	Per chevron azure and vert in pale a mullet of eight points and a frog tergiant argent. The submitter accepts changes, cares most about sound, and desires a feminine Italian name. Ambra is from Arval Benicoeur, Feminine Given Names from the Online Catasto of Florence of 1427, found at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/catasto/ da Monte is documented in this form using Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names, also by Arval Benicoeur, online at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/ Copies of both websites are included.

3. Bethel Allen	(Druim Doineann)	Name, New
The submitter accepts minor changes and desires a "Welsh, or even better, English" feminine name authentic for 1415. Bethel is the submitter's legal given name. A photocopy of her Washington driver's license is included. Allen is found as a header spelling in Bardsley, "the founder of Dunwick Coll., 1619, was Edward Allen, or Alleyne."

4. Bran mac Conchobair	(Wyewood)	Name and Device, New
	Argent, a bend sinister azure between two ravens sable. The submitter accepts any changes, cares most about the sound, and desires a masculine name. He does not allow a holding name. Bran is from Heather Rose Jones, 100 Most Popular Men's Names in Medieval Ireland, online at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/irish100 Conchobair is found in the same article as the genitive form of Conchobor. Photocopies are included.

5. Brianna Wolfhart	(Glymm Mere)	Name and Device, New
	Per fess purpure and vert, a fess embattled between a moon in her plentitude and a she-wolf passant contourney argent. The submitter accepts any changes, cares most about the meaning which she states to be 'Brianna who has the heart of a wolf', and desires a feminine name. Brianna is cited as SCA compatible from the December 2001 LoAR Cover Letter and is the submitter's legal name. A photo copy of her student ID is included. Wolfhart is found in Bahlow, Hans, translation by Edda Gentry, Dictionary of German Names, pg 619, sub Wohlfahrt: Wolfhart Kopacz 1293, and Joh. Wolfhart 1371.

6. Cassandra Catharne	(Glymm Mere)	Name and Device, New
	Sable, on a fess rayonny argent, a dragon volant en arriere rising azure. The submitter accepts any changes, and desires a feminine name. Cassandra is from Reaney & Wilson, s.n. Cass, "a common 13th century woman's name: Cassandra 1182-1211. It is also the submitter's legal name; a copy of her birth certificate is attached. Catharne is found in Morgan & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, pg 61 sub Cadarn. Thomas Catharne is dated to 1511.

7. Cassandra Catharne	(Glymm Mere)	Badge, New
	(Fieldless) A dragonfly argent winged azure. The submitter's name appears above.

8. Desiree de Colecestra	(Cold Keep)	Device, New
	Per fess wavy argent and azure, in pale a caravel azure and a caravel argent. The submitter's name was registered in July of 2002.

9. Druim Doineann, Shire of		Device, New
	Sable, on a pile inverted throughout vert fimbriated between two laurel wreaths a laurel wreath argent. A petition is included showing a copy of the submission form and signed by 17 members of the populace, 8 of them marked as officers. The fimbriation and all laurel wreaths are argent.

10. Elana Tvorimirova zhena Danilova	(Wyewood)	Name and Device, New
	Azure, on a pale engrailed Argent three lady beetles tergiant gules marked sable. The submitter accepts any changes and desires an authentic feminine Russian name. She requests the meaning "Elana, wife of Tvorimir Danilov". Elana is cited from Paul Wickenden of Thanet, Period Russian Names, http://www.sca.org/heraldry/paul./e-html Danilova, Tvorimirova, and zhena are all found on the same site, as is the grammar for construction guidelines. Dates were omitted from the citations and would be appreciated if the College would oblige.

11. Havoise de Rohan	(Dragon's Mist)	Name and Device, New
	Azure, four lozenges in cross argent , each charged with an ermine spot sable. The submitter accepts minor changes, and desires a feminine name. Lions Blood believes she is particular to Brittany. Havoise is from Patrick Galliou and Michael Jones, The Bretons, pg 176, 192, and 188; "Duke Richard (996-1026) and his sister Havoise", also "...only to be ordered back to Brittany c. 1024 when dowager Duchess Havoise.." Rohan is in the same source, pg 172, "At Rennes the viscount removed himself from the count's immediate entourage when he set up his castle at Josselin (M) shortly before 1040. It is still owned today by a cadet branch of the founder's family, the viscounts of Rohan.". Photocopies are included.

12. John Catharne	(Glymm Mere)	Name and Device, New
	Per fess dancetty Or and azure, five fleur de lys arranged three and two counterchanged. The submitter accepts any changes and desires a masculine name. John is cited from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, 3rd ed, pg 178, "John was a fairly common English name in the 12th-15th C." Catharne is found in Morgan & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, pg 61 sub Cadarn. Thomas Catharne is dated to 1511. The submitter further states "According to the January 2002 LoAR the combination of Welsh and English "is not a weirdness"."

13. John Gover	(Tir Bannog)	Name, Resubmission to Kingdom Device, New
	Per bend sinister vert and argent, a mullet of nine points voided argent and a Cornish Chough proper. The submitter accepts minor changes, cares most about sound, and desires a 14th century Cornish masculine name. His pervious name, Tewl Gover orth Kernow, was returned from kingdom in January 2002 for insufficient documentation of both elements and consrtuction as a nickname. John is cited from Men's Given Names from Early 13th Century England, by Talan Gwynek online at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/eng13/eng13m.html, where is it the third most popular name in the source records. Gover is cited from G. Pauley White, A Handbook of Cornish Surnames, "From gover; brook, stream. Place names Gover, St. Agnes; Pengover, Menheniot; Pengovier, Morval.", and Reaney &Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Gover - Thomas Gover, 1380 in Staffordshire.'

14. John Gover	(Tir Bannog)	Badge, New
	Argent, a Cornish Chough proper. The submitter 's name appears on this IL.

15. Jordan Catharne	(Glymm Mere)	Name and Device, New
	Quarterly azure and gules, five mullets of eight points two, one and two Or. The submitter accepts any changes and desires a masculine name. Jordan is cited from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names,3rd Ed. pg 180, as the header spelling. "Jordan is found as a Christian name in England from the end of the 12th C." Catharne is found in Morgan & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, pg 61 sub Cadarn. Thomas Catharne is dated to 1511. The submitter further states "According to the January 2002 LoAR the combination of Welsh and English "is not a weirdness"."

16. Rhonwen Wynterbourne	(Glymm Mere)	Name and Device, New
	Vert, on a chief argent three oak leaves bendwise gules. The submitter accepts any changes and desires a feminine name. Rhonwen is cited as "ruled SCA compatible in1995 by Da'ud, and re-affirmed in precedent in 1996." Wynterbourne is cited from Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, 3rd Ed, pg 496, sub Winterborn, with the spelling Wynterbourne dated to 1372.

17. Rhonwen Wynterbourne	(Glymm Mere)	Badge, New
	(Fieldless) Two oak leaves conjoined in annulo gules and Or. The submitter's name appears above.

18.Seagirt, Barony of , for Award of the Rocke of Seagirt		Award Name, New
The submitter accepts minor changes, and cares most about the sound. RfS III.2.b.ii, Names of Orders and Awards, states that names of orders and awards must follow the patterns of the names of period orders and awards, which are often the names of saints or similar to sign names. Rocke is cited from the Oxford English Dictionary, 1989 ed. and dated to 1590.

19. Seagirt, Barony of, for Coquille Pursuivant		Heraldic Title, New
The submitter accepts minor changes, and cares most about the meaning, which is stated to be 'escallop'. The branch name of Seagirt, Shire of was registered in January of 1990. Lions Blood will request that Laurel also update the barony's status with these submissions. RfS. III.2.b., Heraldic Titles, states that heraldic titles must follow the patterns of period heraldic titles, which may be drawn from names of heraldic charges. Coquille is cited from Gerard J. Brault, Early Blazon, 2nd Ed.. Pg. 149 s.n. coquille, "coquille: escallop, …CP127:a trois coquilles;K, v.338: o cokilles; …Hem, v.3093,…CC, v.1529 cinq cokilles." A letter from Baron William and Baroness Nadezhda requesting this heraldic title is included.

20. Seagirt, Barony of, for Order of the Beare		Order Name, New
The submitter accepts minor changes, and cares most about the sound. The branch name of Seagirt, Shire of was registered in January of 1990. Lions Blood will request that Laurel also update the barony's status with these submissions. RfS III.2.b.ii, Names of Orders and Awards, states that names of orders and awards must follow the patterns of the names of period orders and awards, which are often the names of saints or similar to sign names. Beare is cited from the Oxford English Dictionary,1989 ed.. The spelling (referring to the animal) is dated to 1596. The form is signed by Their Excellencies William and Nadezhda of Seagirt.

21. Seagirt, Barony of, for Order of the Harp and Hammer		Order Name, New
The submitter accepts minor changes, and cares most about the sound. The branch name of Seagirt, Shire of was registered in January of 1990. Lions Blood will request that Laurel also update the barony's status with these submissions. RfS III.2.b.ii, Names of Orders and Awards, states that names of orders and awards must follow the patterns of the names of period orders and awards, which are often the names of saints or similar to sign names. *Harp* is cited from the Oxford English Dictionary, 1989 ed., and dated to 1382. *Hammer* is also cited from the OED, dated to 1555. The form is signed by Their Excellencies William and Nadezhda of Seagirt.

22. Seagirt Barony of , for Order of the Otter		Order Name, New
The submitter accepts minor changes, and cares most about the sound. The branch name of Seagirt, Shire of was registered in January of 1990. Lions Blood will request that Laurel also update the barony's status with these submissions. RfS III.2.b.ii, Names of Orders and Awards, states that names of orders and awards must follow the patterns of the names of period orders and awards, which are often the names of saints or similar to sign names. Otter is cited from the Oxford English Dictionary, 1989 ed., dated to 1525. The form is signed by Their Excellencies William and Nadezhda of Seagirt.

23. Seagirt, Barony of, for Order of the Seagull		Order Name, New
The submitter accepts minor changes, and cares most about the sound. The branch name of Seagirt, Shire of was registered in January of 1990. Lions Blood will request that Laurel also update the barony's status with these submissions. RfS III.2.b.ii, Names of Orders and Awards, states that names of orders and awards must follow the patterns of the names of period orders and awards, which are often the names of saints or similar to sign names. Seagull is cited from the Oxford English Dictionary, 1989 ed., and dated to 1599, with other spellings as early as 1542. The form is signed by Their Excellencies William and Nadezhda of Seagirt.

24. Tatsukawa Rokurou Yoshiaki	(Midhaven)	Name, Resubmission to Kingdom
The submitter accepts minor changes and desires a masculine Japanese name. His previous submission, Yoshiaki Tatsume, was returned from kingdom in July 2001 due to construction problems. This rework solves those problems. Tatsukawa is cited from Solvieg Thronardottir, Name Construction in Medieval Japan., pg. 173, as a family name. Rokurou is cited from ibid, pg. 370 as a yobina Yoshiyaki is cited from ibid, pg. 200 as a nanori The name construction is cited from an email from Solvieg Thronardottir, "Presuming that the intention is to construct a masculine name typical of the military caste in Medieval Japan. The basic structure is: <family name><yobina><nanori>." Photocopies are included.

25. Tevenente de Charolais	(Dragon's Mist)	Name and Device, New
	Argent, a fret and on a chief vert three estoiles argent. The submitter accepts any changes and desires a French feminine name. Tevenente is cited from Edouard Philipon, Le Livre du Vaillant des Habitants de Lyon en 1388, pgs 214, 215. Names listed are Tevenete du Molin, and Tevenete, servente de ches Pierre Salavre... Charolais is cited as a region in France dating to the 1500's in both John Haywood Atlas of World History, and William R Shepherd, Historical Atlas, pg. 84. Photocopies are included. The submitter also includes a letter of permission to conflict from the Canton of Willoughby Vale, Argent fretty, and on a chief vert two laurel wreaths argent. It is signed by the canton's seneschal and herald, the Baron and Baroness of River Haven to whom Willoughby Vale is bound, Tevenete, and Dragon's Mist Pursuivant.

26.Tevenente de Charolais	(Dragon's Mist)	Badge, New
	(Fieldless) An estoile argent The submitters name appears above.

27. Tvorimir Danilov	(Madrone)	Device, Resubmission to Laurel
	Bendy sinister vert and or, a hawk striking to sinister argent, with an orle argent. The submitter's name was registered in April 2001. The submitter's previously submitted device, Bendy sinister vert and Or, a hawk striking contourny argent a bordure counterchanged, was returned by Laurel for excessive counterchanging of the bordure in August 2001. This is a redesign.

3. Anastasia Daysshe	(Seagirt)	Name and Device, New
	Purpure, a poodle passant within a bordure ermine. The submitter accepts minor changes, cares most about sound, and desires a female name. She will not allow a holding name. Anastasia is documented from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, 3rd ed., pp21-22, s.n. Anastasia "Anestasia, Anastasia cur 1219, 1220" Daysshe is cited from Reaney &Wilson , A Dictionary of English Surnames, 3rd ed., p.15 s.n. Ash: "Richard Dasche, deAyssh 1320 LLBE, 1327 LoPleas". The submitter states Daysshe is constructed using the documented spellings. The submitter includes a website http://www.geocities.com/khazar_khum/poodles_in_art04.html , showing what appears to be a poodle in Albrecht Durer woodcuts dated 1497-1511.

15. Meryld Godewyn of Kent	(Wyewood)	Device, Resubmission to Kingdom
	Per saltire Or & argent, a columbine gules slipped & leaved vert. Submitter's previous device, Argent, a columbine gules slipped and leaved vert, was returned from kingdom in February 2002 for conflict with Susanna Fairfax, Argent a sprig of three copihues proper (Lapageria rosea), and with Frances la Rouge, Argent, a meadow-beauty, blossom pendant, gules, slipped and leaved, within a bordure sable. The previous rendition of the flower was more naturalistic and had identifiability problems as a columbine. This rendition has dealt with that issue. The field is argent top and bottom, Or to dexter and sinister.

Ærne Clover	Device. Or, a four-leaved clover saltirewise slipped vert.
Aquaterra, Barony of	Order name. Order of the Silver Dolphin and badge. Azure, a dolphin and a bordure nebuly.
Arianne Farnsworth of Falconmoors	Badge. Sable, an increscent between three mullets one and two Or.
Duncan Darroch	Name and badge. Argent, on a chevron vert five mullets of eight points argent.
Geoffroi FitzGeorge	Name
Gisele la chanteuse	Name
Herons Reach, Shire of	Device. Per pale vert and azure, a heron argent within a laurel wreath Or.
Jason of An Tir	Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, an eagle Or and a dexter tierce argent.
John Bow	Name.
Katrynka Chornovoloskaya	Name and device. Or, a heart gules issuant from a vol sable all within a bordure azure. Badge. (Fieldless) A heart gules issuant from a vol sable.
Laurence of Damascus	Name.
Li Ban ingen Echtigeirn	Badge. (Fieldless) On two horses' heads addorsed couped conjoined sable three hawk's bells Or. Badge. (Fieldless) Two horses' heads addorsed couped conjoined per pale sable and gules.
Lothar von Koln	Name.
Meuryc Kynyd	Name and device. Vert, a stag lodged and on a chief argent an arrow reversed sable.
Scholastica Chace	Name.
Tayce Maple	Name.
Thomas Sinclair	Device. Argent, on a cross engrailed sable a cross argent.
Þorfinnr Kolsson	Name and device. Or, a wheel and on a chief embattled gules an arrow reversed Or.

Beatrice Domenici della Campana	Badge. Vert, a chalice and in chief three lemons fracted chevronwise one and two distilling goutes and a bordure Or. Laurel commenters found the depiction of the lemons to be problematic, and could not identify them as lemons in their fracted rendition.
Laurence of Damascus	Device. Gules, in bend three escallops argent. Conflict was found with Llywelyn ap Evan, Per fess azure and vair ancient, three escallops in chief argent. There is one CD for changes to the field, however the vair portion of the field forces the escallops into the chief section and therefore a second CD cannot be gained for arrangement.
Micheli lo Aquila da Napoli	Name. The forename was found to be in the genitive, rather than nominative, form. The CoA could not find lo Aquila as a documentable part of an Italian name, as well. The registerable form of this name would be Michele Aquilani da Napoli, but the submitter only allowed minor changes and changing to the registerable form, including the changes already made in kingdom from Napolia to Napoli, constituted major changes so the name had to be returned.
Sonnet Mannon	Badge. (Fieldless) A fleur-de-lys vert. Conflict with Rosalind Bennet, registered May 2002 (three months after Sonnet submitted the badge), Per bend argent and sable, in sinister chief a fleur-de-lys vert. One CD for fieldlessness but no CDs may be gotten for placement on the field against a fieldless badge.

An Tir, Kingdom of, for Boar Pursuivant		Heraldic Title, New
Submitted as Boar Herald, the kingdom would prefer the designator Pursuivant on this title instead.

Arlindis o Gordon		Badge, New
(Fieldless) On a quatrefoil saltirewise azure a nightingale close Or

Bronwyn Mewer		Name & Device, New
Per chevron inverted argent and sable, a unicorn salient and a raven displayed counterchanged within a border charged with eight peacock feathers in annulo counterchanged eyed gules. Submitted as Bronwyn Rhiannon Mewer, the An Tir commenters could not support a double given name in Welsh and expressed concern about this particular combination of names, one being a legal name variant on an SCA compatible name and the other being a purely SCA compatible name, so the problematic element was dropped at kingdom.

Chinua Qorchin		Name and Device, New
Quarterly purpure and sable, on a sun Or a wolf's head erased purpure all within a bordure Or.

Eoghan Ó Cairealláin		Device, New
Barry wavy argent and azure on a bend sable cotised gules a wolf's head cabossed palewise argent.

Freydis Svensdottir		Name and Device, New
Per fess Or and azure, two ravens displayed heads to sinister sable and Thor's hammer Or.

Gryffry ap Gwyn		Name and Device, New
Per chevron azure and argent, two griffins segreant argent and a dragon displayed sable

Isabeau de Valence		Device, New
Argent, a snake glissant to sinister sable within a bordure embattled gules.

Marcelle de la Marché		Name and Device, New
Azure, on a bend enarched cotised between two zules Or, five triskelions arrondi azure.

Marcelle de la Marché		Badge, New
Per fess azure and Or, a zule counterchanged.

Markus Pfielschmidt		Name and Device, New
Per pale sable and gules, on a bezant a sheaf of arrows inverted sable, a bordure Or. This device is clear of Anthony Westley (08/95, West) - Sable, on a bezant a wolf's pawprint sable, a bordure Or. There is 1 CD for change of Field, x.4.a, and a second CD for change of type and number of tertiary charges by X.4.j.i.

Pagan Badger		Name and Device, New
Argent, a badger paw print sable on a chief azure three fleurs-de-lys argent

Thorbjorn inn sterki		Name and Device, New
Sable, on a pile raguly throughout argent a pile raguly sable between two goats statant regardant addorsed Or. The umlaut on the o in Thorbjorn was unsupported by th4e documentation and was dropped at kingdom.

Tiernan Mor		Name and Device, New
Or, on a roundel gules a triskele arrondi Or and on a bordure gules an orle of chain Or. The submitter will be advised to draw the primary charge larger.

Chase Keele		Name and Device, New
Checky sable and Or, a fox sejant within a border gules. Chase was cited from A Concise Dictionary of First Names, by Patrick Hanks and Flavia Hodges, 3rd ed, pg 44 "Especially U.S.: transferred use of the surname, which originated in the Middle Ages as a nickname for a huntsman from Anglo-Norman chase 'chase', 'hunt'." Hanks & Hodges is a book on Appendix G - Name Sources to Be Avoided in Documentation. Of it Laurel has said, "Very few of the entries have dates of any kind. There are many modern forms included in the entries. There are even, as there are in many general works of this kind, some errors, sometimes quite glaring." (LoAR Nov 1994, p. 20) The problem here is that H&H was right, but the information was not presented in such a manner as to be clear about the use of the name. Chase was a period surname, and documentable as such, but only seems to have come into use as a personal name in the 19th century. Therefore the name had to be returned for lack of documentation for the forename. The College found no problems with the armory.

Ragnhildr Torvin		Name and Device, New
Argent, three feathers conjoined purpure, between two ravens addorsed close and one in base displayed sable. The byname was constructed from a protheme from a personal name and a deuterotheme from a placename, which is a construction unattested in period naming. Additionally, when commenters tried to check on the webpages used for documentation, the pages had disappeared, so no assessment could be made of them as documentation nor of their sources. The feathers on the device were leaning strongly forward and rendered in trian aspect, which is disallowed for most heraldic charges. Additionally, the pixillation of the computer image caused them to change color depending on the light and angle in which they were viewed, making them purple, pink or blue depending on how you looked at the form. There was consternation among the commenters as to the mirror symmetry of the secondary charges. Although definitely not consistent with period style, the arrangement is registerable and not so much as considered a weirdness.